Pottery from Acoma and Zuni Pueblos is known worldwide for its exquisite,
fine-line and figurative decoration. This is usually handpainted in slip
and vegetable pigment over a white or buff slipped background. The potters
of both pueblos take a great deal of pride in the thinness of their pots,
achieved by scraping the coiled inner surfaces with a gourd scraping tool
and sanding before final slipping and decorating.
Another very old technique is using a pinching motion to combine
the rolls of clay into a pot shape. This results in a "corrugated" exterior
finish, which is then sanded and slipped. This style may also be achieved
by depressing a tool into the still-wet clay. The most common form of decoration
at Acoma Pueblo, is the white-slipped background and fine-line decoration
motif. Polychrome pots are also produced, featuring either fineline or more
figurative painted decoration, such as vines, leaves and bird, lizard or deer
figures.
Acoma Pueblo, is located high atop a beautiful sandstone mesa. It
is also known as "Sky City". The mesa top location afforded the residents
protection from enemies and a beautiful vantage point. Maybe this partly
explains the beauty of their designs. Acoma design is heavily influenced
by the animals and plants in the natural world and their religious traditions.
Contemporary potters like the late Lucy Lewis and her surviving daughters
and grandchildren have taken the technique of painting fine lines on the
pottery surface using a brush made from a yucca leaf to new heights. The
contemporary designs includes intricate geometric markings which intersect
and divide the surface. Some artists also add organic forms, to create a
beautiful interplay of design and form. Acoma potters have long been admired
for the thin walls of their pottery, and the regular, balanced shapes they
take. Several Acoma potters working through the Zuni school system, helped
the Zunis re-establish their fine pottery traditions, as well. Like Acoma
pottery, Zuni pottery is unusually finely formed, thin walled, and very strong.
The decoration styles are slightly different, but do share some common designs,
such as the"house of the deer".
Like most Pueblo potters, individual families may protect the source
of their clay, or it may be considered common property. Acoma Pueblo potters,
for many years made a long, difficult trip to the source of their white
slipping clay, which had to be dug out by hand. The dried clay layer was
so hard it had to be dug out with picks and other sharp prying tools, then
loaded and carried back to the home. This source is now much diminished,
so other sources are being sought. The clays used for the body of the pots
may come from other sources, many miles apart. When a batch is needed, it
must be broken up, moistened, and carefully separated from naturally ocurring
rocks and organics such as twigs or roots.The entire process is very time
consuming and very physically demanding. As a result, the price paid for
a traditionally made pot rarely is the sole compensation for all of the work
and love which went into its creation. Most potters see their work as an
important creative expression of their love for their traditions and their
people. It is important to them that their pots go "to good homes".